Common Methods for Inspecting Shock Absorber Faults

Many people understand the function of a car's shock absorbers, yet few know how to properly inspect them. A properly functioning shock absorber mitigates the impact transmitted from the road surface to the vehicle, rapidly absorbing vibrations generated by bumps to restore the car to a stable driving state. But how does a malfunctioning shock absorber behave?

Firmly press down on the bumper and then release it. If the car bounces two to three times, it indicates that the shock absorbers are functioning correctly; conversely, if the bouncing is irregular, they may not be operating normally. Alternatively, remove the shock absorber, stand it upright, and clamp the lower mounting ring in a bench vise. Forcefully pull and push the piston rod several times; you should feel a consistent resistance during this process. Specifically, the resistance felt when pulling upward should be greater than the resistance felt when pushing downward. If the resistance is inconsistent-or entirely absent-it suggests that the shock absorber is low on internal fluid or that its internal valve components are damaged, requiring either repair or part replacement. Another method involves driving the vehicle for 10 kilometers over a road with poor surface conditions, then stopping and touching the exterior casing of the shock absorbers by hand. If the casing does not feel sufficiently warm, it indicates a lack of internal resistance-meaning the shock absorber is not functioning. In this scenario, you may add an appropriate amount of lubricating oil and repeat the test; if the casing subsequently heats up, the issue was simply a low fluid level within the shock absorber, which should then be topped up. Otherwise, it indicates that the shock absorber has failed.

Finally, shock absorbers can sometimes develop faults that manifest as audible noises during actual use. These noises are primarily caused by the shock absorber making contact with the leaf springs, vehicle frame, or axle; other causes include damaged or dislodged rubber bushings, a deformed dust cover, or insufficient internal fluid. The specific cause of the noise should be identified and the necessary repairs performed. Ensuring the proper functioning of shock absorbers guarantees a smoother and more stable driving experience; therefore, it is essential to regularly inspect them to verify that they are operating correctly.